Learn about breast cancer and its treatment

It is also increasing among young women. Preventive screening is mandatory every 2 years, especially if a female relative in the immediate family (grandmother, mother, aunt or sister) has ever had cancer...

Breast cancer starts in the breast when the cells grow and produce two daughter cells. It is a major cancer among women in India, second only to cervical cancer, but convincingly, if detected at an early stage (Stage I-II), it is one of the most common types of cancer. It is also the most treatable. Postmenopausal women (over the age of 55) are more vulnerable. However, it is also increasing among young women. Preventive screening is mandatory every 2 years, especially if a female relative in the immediate family (grandmother, mother, aunt or sister) has ever had cancer. Dr Meenu Berry, MD (Path) HOD Haematology, Cytopathology & Lifeline's Clinical (Path) Laboratory Although it is rare, men can also develop breast cancer – ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma are the most common types.

symptoms Symptoms can be both subtle and obvious, as different women may have different symptoms. They may appear after the cancer has developed. However, in most cases the following symptoms are common: * Any lumps and swollen or swollen lymph nodes on or around the breast, armpit and collar bone should be checked by a doctor without delay. Not every lump is cancer – but it could be a cyst, abscess or fibro-adenoma (a smooth, rubbery and benign lump of fat that moves when touched). * Something like an 'orange peel' or fuzzy breast appearance. * Thickening, flaking, scaling, disfigurement or scarring of breast skin * Rash or irritation. * Watery or bloody discharge from the nipple. * Changes in breast size. * Pulled nipples, inverted or inverted nipples. * Pain and tenderness in or around the breast area. * Lumps develop more in the left breast. risk factors * Family history of cancer, and if a first-degree female relative (grandmother, mother, aunt or sister) has had breast cancer. * Women over 55 are at higher risk after menopause. * Early-onset menopause (beginning of menstruation before 11-12 years) Late-onset menopause (ceasing menstruation after 55 years). * No previous history of breastfeeding. * Smoking and drinking. * Being overweight or obese can also increase the risk. Symptoms of metastatic breast cancer (cancer that has spread to other parts of the body), which one may not be aware of, may include general weakness, headache and nausea for no apparent reason, difficulty breathing, jaundice, pale skin, swelling. Stomach, weight loss etc.

Preventive care * The most important fact to remember is that preventive screening is extremely important in the presence of one or more of the above symptoms and risk factors. There are some irreversible risk factors such as family history, but some risk factors can be controlled by adopting a healthy lifestyle. * Balanced with whole grains (multigrain flours and complex carbohydrates such as bread, oatmeal, oats, muesli), spinach, mustard leaves, fenugreek leaves, lettuce, cabbage, broccoli, kale and green leafy vegetables eat food Fruits like banana, apple, pear, papaya, strawberry etc. Include nuts like almonds, figs and walnuts in your diet. * Plenty of physical activity will keep you fit and prevent loosening of muscles and bones. To stay fit and active, take a 45-minute brisk walk every day and do light weight training. * Quit smoking and avoid excessive drinking. (Satish Patki)